chapter 5

CHAPTER 5; INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION

5; MANAGING KNOWLEDGE AND DATA

Managing data is an important step before converting these data into information then into knowledge. Many challenges face managers and those responsible of managing data and some of the problems are:

- Data need to be collected from different departments of the organizations because each has its own

- Data are stored and collected by different people and may have chance of duplicates and errors while storing and maintaining

- Data are scattered throughout the organization

- Data isolation

- Data inconsistency

- Data security

- Data integrity

- Data independence.

Data has its dimensions and the ones in Microsoft Access are all two-dimensional tables and are usually called Relational database model, these databases generally are not one big table that contains all of the records ad attributes.

 An advantage of a Rational database is that it enables people to compare information quickly by row or column. Also, users can retrieve data with specific but easy steps. On the other side, large-scale rational databases can be composed of many interrelated tables, which makes the designing process more complicated for search and access.

Data warehouses are storage capacities that store data that belong to long time ago, the stocking of these data create multi-dimensional. 


Knowledge: information that is contextual, relevant, and actionable Intellectual capital  intellectual assets

Explicit knowledge: codified (documented) in a form that can be distributed to others (CEPS student’s handbook)

Tacit knowledge: a set of insights, expertise and skills Knowledge that people carry in their heads, but difficult to write down in a document

 
Knowledge management (KM): a process of accumulating and creating knowledge efficiently, so that it can be applied effectively throughout the organization

Nothing is more frustrating for a manager than the situation in which one employee struggles with a problem that another employee knows how to solve it easily,
-Knowledge Sharing tools
-Portals
-Discussion groups - FAQa
-E-mail
-Blogs/ wikis
-Podcasts

Resistance to sharing knowledge 
-Reluctant to show that they do not know
-Employee competition